A. planning fallacy A. people in individualistic countries persist more when they are succeeding Most people with high self-esteem value individual achievement and relationships with others. In Bargh, Chen, and Burrows (1996), participants who were in the rude priming condition were more likely to. What is an example of impact bias? D. other-centered, Jill just began a new relationship with Pete. When confronted with his behavior he argues "Well, half the drivers in that lane are alone too." She therefore has a(n) _______ locus of control. C. moderately Our family and friends are more likely to be similar to us and share many of the same beliefs and behaviors. The test requires people to look at the written names of several colors ("green," "red," "blue," etc. The false consensus bias is the tendency to see our own attitudes, beliefs and behavior as being typical. B. specific; inflated [1] In social psychology, pluralistic ignorance (also known as a collective illusion) [2] is a phenomenon which occurs when people mistakenly believe that everyone else holds a different opinion than their own. C. the right hemisphere False Consensus Effect. You would be correct in speculating that she likely has _______ feelings of self-efficacy. B. D. social roles, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. Which of the following is the BEST example of a gain-framed appeal? As discussed in the textbook, research participants who read a story about a character named "Donald"a character who engages in skydiving, demolition derby driving, and other similar activitiestend to think that Donald is especially reckless when, -they have been primed with words like "dangerous" and "risky. C. self-serving bias Your (false) assumption that Vlad is an athlete is MOST clearly an example of: Suppose that Mr. Yipol gives 100 students a reading exam. What differentiates a narcissist from someone high in self-esteem quizlet? C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual. He answers question #31 with D but isnt sure about it. The false consensus effect occurs when we overestimate the number of other people (or extent to which other people) share our opinions, beliefs, and behaviors. C. impression management Credit Solution Experts Incorporated offers quality business credit building services, which includes an easy step-by-step system designed for helping clients build their business credit effortlessly. She makes $2000 from one of these investments, but loses $3000 on the other one. -interrupt the experimenter to get instructions. C. self-efficacy C. possible self D. other-centered, The extent to which we evaluate our abilities and opinions by comparing ourselves to others is called: D. stress their individual accomplishments and uniqueness, D. stress their individual accomplishments and uniqueness, Goel et al. The False Consensus Effect is a tendency to overestimate how much people agree with us. D. the tendency to see oneself as superior to others. C. low; high redirect attention away from the unpleasant thought. people who share C. rewards and distance ourselves from punishment If you are a hot hand player, you will answer. It is sometimes argued that excess cash held by a firm can aggravate agency problems (as discussed before) and, more generally, reduce incentives for shareholder wealth maximization. Some income from capital is taxed twice. answer choices True False Question 4 120 seconds Q. False Uniqueness Effect: The tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and one's desirable or successful behaviors: Group-Serving Bias: Explaining away outgroup members' positive behaviors; also attributing negative behaviors to their dispositions (while excusing such behavior by one's own group . B. family situation She figured it would only take two days to write the paper so she did not start it until two days before it was due. A)Lying to a friend to avoid embarrassment. She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. In a famous early study in social psychology, fans of two rival football teams were asked to watch footage of an actual game that was very close. B. Angela who lives in Alabama How does the mode of responding impact conformity? commit the base rate fallacy, representativeness heuristic, People tend to attribute their own behaviors to situational factors, but to attribute others' behaviors to dispositional factors. This is an example of: C. successfully predict 1970s, a movement within social psychology. A. strong More conformity is observed from a person that is of lesser status than the other group members. a stimulus that activates further processing of the same or related stimuli. light blockers for blinds bunnings; black and white fallacy examples in commercials; what scope do marine snipers use; does squat and cough work; the false uniqueness effect is quizlet It appears that people with this kind of brain damage, Research on the brain sizes of humans and other animals shows that. she makes an internal attribution for the $2000 earning, but an external attribution for the $3000 loss. _____ what others think about your nervousness. bt sport motogp commentators 2021. When people encounter information that is at odds with an existing schema. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual A. postive a person thinks they are overly special for being talented or performing a . (2010) found that Facebook users were _____ accurate in guessing when they agreed with their friends on political issues and _____ accurate in guessing disagreement. If you made an internal, unstable attribution for Roger's promotion, then you might think to yourself, "Roger probably worked really hard to get that promotion!". C. hoped-for possible selves; feared possible selves A role comes socially expected pattern of behavior for it, which impact both behavior and attitudes. It could apply to opinions, values, beliefs or behaviours . Jules hated the book, and seems to feel that the reviewer also hated it. C. perform moderately well. Mr. X thinks that George W. Bush became president of the U.S. becauseeven though he is not that brilliant or talentedhe made a real effort to campaign well in both 2000 and 2004. B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events. Once he feels like he knows that, he goes on. D. impact bias, According to Myers' discussion on social comparison, people typically _______ the standards by which they evaluate their own attainments when they experience a(n) _______ in affluence, status, or achievement. Whenever Yael thinks about bad things happening to her ex-boyfriend, she gets "creeped out;" she feels like she will actually make bad things happen to him just by thinking about it. The tendency for people take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures is known as. This cognitive bias tells us that our "sense" is common sense and that differing opinions are "abnormal.". C. 50%; 50% why people tend to overestimate the degree to which members of minority groups engage in criminal behaviors. B. self-monitoring Internal attribution involves explaining behavior in term of a person's personal characteristics, whereas external attribution involves explaining behavior in terms of a person's situation/circumstances. B. conservative B. compared to 20 years ago, fewer love songs today are considered "sappy love songs" This study explored which concept mentioned in the text? Although he has just slowed his vehicle to the speed limit, he considers himself the "only one on the road" who is obeying the speed limit. D. the looking-glass self, Your self-esteem would correlate closely with what others think of you and your group if you were in a(n) ______ culture. The actor-observer bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes, while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes. Which of the following is true? The teacher is probably trying to. Research shows that they tend to be more influenced by. Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. A. protecting one's self-image by creating an excuse for later failure. D. feared possible selves; hoped-for possible selves, Jack is very nervous about meeting his future in-laws for the first time. D. an internal locus control, Which part of the brain seems to be involved in maintaining our sense of self? B. pete D. self-efficacy, According to the self-serving bias, we tend to attribute our successes to ______ and our losses to _______. B. success and distance ourselves from failure. A. strong Recall the "Castro study" conducted by Jones and Harris. What is the difference between social psychology and sociology? the false uniqueness effect is quizletfeathered friend questions and answers. Moving to another question will save this response. Population. the tendency. A. jill -people usually do not "adjust" enough away from their anchors. false-uniqueness effect. D. no different about their speech, B. better about their speech and appearance, Which of the following is FALSE? D. Most psychology research has taken cultural differences into consideration. A. strong D. variable (depending on if it is related to school or not), Amelia is highly embarrassed because she passed gas in class today. What are the three types of social influence in regards to conformity? Obedience to authority is ingrained in us all from the way we are brought up. D)Failing your first social psychology exam. A. internal Some even held and attended 'coronavirus parties'! ", Dr. Canne wants to encourage Kirk to lose weight. the false uniqueness effect is quizlet dr thomas horn wikipedia. A. he is self-handicapping 110.Brian watches smugly as the car ahead of his is pulled over for speeding. B. disparaging oneself (false modesty) to elicit reassurance. False Uniqueness Effect. The false uniqueness effect is the tendency of an individual to underestimate the extent to which other people share the same positive attitudes and behaviors. They also thought: "These people only have themselves to blame; they really should have packed up when they heard the hurricane warnings." That is, both of them seem to be engaging in, Sometimes people blow on dice when playing a board game to make sure they get the numbers they need to advance in the game. Is the last flip more likely to be heads, more likely to be tails, or equally likely to be heads or tails? A. a self-fulfilling prophecy A. self-esteem Most psychology research has been conducted by wealthy White Americans. Social psychologists refer to this kind of pattern as an, People generally prefer to conserve effort by relying on automatic modes of thought (rather than, Suppose that you are at a departmental meeting at work, and one of your co-workers starts screaming at you and calling you a "stupid freak." Attractive request -> more attractive request. This is MOST directly related to, Raquel buys stock in two different companies. D. no one is, You overhear a neighbor say that she believes gay marriage should be illegal and she favors tax cuts for the wealthy. counterfactual thinking. This bias is often measured by looking at the difference between estimates that people make about how many of their peers share a certain trait or behaviour and the actual . A. chance; skill He explained his "D" in chemistry as being the result of "bad teaching." -people's general reluctance to do much extra thinking. After the winning touchdown was scored he said "This has made my month and nothing is going to bring me down from this!" What percent of women in Western countries change their last names to adopt their husbands last name when they marry? Giving priority to the goals of one's group, such as one's family or workplace, and defining one's identity accordingly is called: When we accommodate and adjust to personal injuries, romantic breakups, and exam failures, we cope more readily than we would expect. Halfway through the second day Carmen was devastated; she wasn't even halfway done yet! Many people don't quit smoking despite all the negative health information available. D. learned helplessness, Our self-concept is fed by our roles, our social identity, our comparisons, and by: This is an example of: a. C. it can motivate us to achieve D. zero, Self-monitoring is: A knowledge structure that contains information about a concept and its relationship to other concepts (e.g., a structure that contains information about judges and how judges relate to lawyers, criminals, the general public, and so forth) is known as, Research shows that people tend to engage in fewer cognitive errors and biases in everyday thinking. Brian's thinking most clearly reflects A. the false uniqueness effect. C. false modesty D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation, Mark knows that he is an excellent liar but he doesn't feel very good about himself in general. A. failure and distance ourselves from success. B. better about their speech and appearance Question 20 The false uniqueness effect is: A. the anticipation of problems to motivate effective action. However, researchers have also found that. B. denying A. false consensus. The overestimation could be explained in terms of, Social cognition refers to a movement within social psychology that focuses on. B. collectivists; individualists Quite understandably, students are often more upset about missing an exam question when they had previously circled the correct answerand then changed it to an incorrect answeras opposed to when they had chosen an incorrect answer all along. Which of the following will NOT help debias someones thinking? C. moderate Narcissists value: If you make an external attribution for this event, then you might well be thinking, "So what! Social psychologists would say that Mr. X is making __________ attributions for Bush's success, while Mr. Y is making __________ attributions. D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, You have tried to study for an exam with flashcards, with a friend, and with your notes - all to no avail. How does the "door-in-the-face" compliance technique work? B. rage FALSE- UNIQUENESS EFFECT: "Some individuals with an inflated ego would 'suffer' from the false uniqueness effect . It Affects Future Purchases: When you are planning to take a car. The False Uniqueness Effect suggests that we are not so accurate after all. How does the status of group members impact conformity? In an observational study, statisticians impose a treatment on the subjects. B. our surrounding culture Before the rise of social cognition, the field of social psychology was dominated by, When people make internal, stable attributions for others' successes or failures, these attributions tend to concern questions of, When people want to suppress a thought, the automatic mind works to. D. punishment and distance ourselves from rewards. Even though Vlad never actually exercises, you have always assumed that he is an athlete because he hangs around at the gym (like other athletes), drinks bottled water nonstop, and wears sweat suits everywhere. A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action. This is very shocking to you. Attitudes are evaluative reactions toward things, events, and other people. the false uniqueness effect. Attribution theory is MOST concerned with, The paradoxical effects of thought suppression have been linked to psychological disorders such as. -People use themselves as an "anchor" when judging others. Explain Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory. A. transparency effect Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson, Religion - Rituals & Violence & Scriptures &, American Government U.S. Constitution study G. If we persist despite initial failures: Even though stomach cancer kills more people than plane crashes do, most people tend to assume that plane crashes cause more deaths. A. self-handicapping This best illustrates the ____ effect. B. he is demonstrating false modesty These people thought: "Why didn't everyone simply take the family minivan and go stay with family somewhere?" False Uniqueness Effect. Yet Joe persists in his belief that people from "up north" are snobby. C. defensive pessimism A. anger B. more negatively D. eventual self, According to Schwartz (2000; 2004), individualistic modern cultures have "an excess of freedom," which is positively correlated with: the (false) belief that chance events are affected by previous events, and that chance events will "even out" across a relatively short period of time. It seems as though both Jules and Jim are "seeing" different things when reading the book review. However, some people who saw media reports on the hurricane victims did not understand this. . D. self-serving bias, Studies of "affective forecasting" required participants to predict their future: D. undecided, John is about to become a father. Define attitude and how it guides our behavior. When most people think of the concept "sleeping," they also tend to think about concepts like "dreaming," "being tired," and "yawning." B. self-schema A. individualists; collectivists She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. Exam 1 Study Guide. Individuals tend to think that their attributes and traits are more uncommon and rare than they actually are. B. overestimate Within the field of social cognition, the term "priming" refers to, Montana and Sarah are playing cards. What is the difference between internal attribution and external attribution? A. ourselves as superior to the competitor Now of days, more and more car purchasers are being deceived by attempting of purchasing a used car online, As stated the study indicates that negatively valenced words are primed faster than positively valenced words. the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors. Letha has just met her first Mormon missionary. The false uniqueness effect is. The belief that people can control totally chance situations is the. B. view everyone as relatively average Attractive request -> less attractive request. In other words, she is just beginning. This is referred to as our: C. possible selves If we persist despite initial failures: You and a friend are visiting a new city and would like to splurge and go out for a fine meal. . B. self-efficacy If you think a person is uncooperative, you may act in an uncooperative way in your interactions with the person. C. underestimating When researchers survey men and women about the number of sex partners they have had, they tend to find that men report far more partners than womenwhich would seem to be logically impossible. The Astroten study demonstrated the difference between what we think we will do and what we actually do in a given situation. The field of social cognition first emerged in the __________ as __________. Introducing Cram Folders! A) approval; knowledge B) knowledge; approval C) compliance; conformity D) conformity; compliance, Some critics of Milgram's study, such as Haslam and his colleagues, have suggested that the behavior of the participants can be . Working out daily will help you maintain good health. B. collectivism He's afraid of being unemployed and alone. She had assumed that everyone felt as she did and supported her candidate's ideas. The opposite of a cognitive miser would be someone who. That is, instead of seeing a "chair," for example, these people see "a wooden object with four legs." Barbara was really shocked when her candidate was not elected. C. attempting to present a favorable image to an external audience. Please sign in to share these flashcards. Similarly, instead of seeing two dogs, such people might see "a small tan animal with fur and a large brown object with its tongue hanging out." -believe many Mormons collect rare books. The so-called illusory correlation can MOST directly help explain. [3] A. have more interdependent selves D. self-value, What differentiates a narcissist from someone high in self-esteem? Which of the following is NOT an explanation for the fundamental attribution error? magical thinking. Informational social influence is influence that stems from our desire to be correct in situations in which the correct action of judgment is uncertain. C. social rank A. failure and distance ourselves from success illusory correlation. Suppose that a coin is flipped 20 times. When Maya was 3 years old, she was swarmed by bees. The ultimate attribution error is similar to the fundamental attribution error except that it refers to attributions that are __________ as opposed to __________. or an external attribution ("Did I say something to provoke him?"). Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. Suppose that you have a certain idea about what a tropical island should be like: It should be a tourist destination, have palm trees, enjoy a warm climate, and contain plenty of bars that serve cocktails with paper umbrellas. D. illusion of transparency, When we compare ourselves with others, most of us tend to: D. it helps to buffer stress, B. it makes us feel less vulnerable to risks such as AIDS, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: how individuals think about social relationships and about other people. She makes $2000 from one of these investments, but loses $3000 on the other one. That is, one of the things you ask about is. The first instinct fallacy refers to the false belief that it is better not to change one's first answer even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct. Social psychologists use the term __________ to refer to activating a concept in mind. . Positives and Negatives of the Self-Serving Bias With prices like that, we're bound to have a delicious meal!" What decision barriers must marketers overcome if consumers are aware of the Diderot effect? The belief that others are paying more attention to one's appearance and behavior than they actually are is referred to as the ________ effect. D. have no idea, Most people perceive themselves as: Wing Tung is reading his textbook for history class. One thing you ask yourself is whether you have ever seen him explode in anger at anyone else, or in other kinds of situations. B. compare ourselves to strangers C. they move on and try to do better This is an example of: Kitayama and Markus (2000) found that, for American students, happiness comes from feeling: Andrew believes that he did well on his Social Psychology test because he studied a lot and is a good student. A. failing to appreciate Add to folder Why? C. individuality The attribution theorist Harold Kelley proposed that people make use of three types of information when they make attributions for others' behaviors. Suppose that you meet someone who is smart, adventurous, and highly knowledgeable about rockets and outer space. We and our partners store and/or access information on a device, such as cookies and process personal data, such as unique identifiers and standard information sent by a device for personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, and audience insights, as well as to develop and improve products. -"Another Great Professor Let Go as a Result of Budget Cuts", The term "cognitive miser" was coined to refer to. While it might well be the case that the reading program actually negatively impacted the students' reading ability, Mr. Yipol would be wise to consider that the decrease could be due to __________. B. self-handicapping B. feared possible self C. attempting to present a favorable image to an external audience C. peaks and then drops sharply As described in the textbook, current theory and research suggests that humans may have evolved to have especially large and powerful brains largely in order to, When buying a new car, people tend to look at statistical information and case history information. D. an external locus of control, When you give a presentation in class and feel extremely nervous you will tend to When people make external, unstable attributions for others' successes or failures, these attributions tend to concern questions of, Madisons is taking a freshman seminar at her university. B. self-aggrandizement 10. Shortage is caused by issues pertaining to real goods and. B. it makes us feel less vulnerable to risks such as AIDS A. self-esteem D. the tendency to see oneself as superior to others. D. self awareness, According to the text, self-esteem typically _____ in Japanese exchange students after they spend several months at a Canadian university. D. variable (depending on if it is related to school or not), The truth concerning self-efficacy encourages us not to resign ourselves to bad situations. B. success and distance ourselves from failure. B. social surroundings affect our self-awareness. D. social comparison, Benjamin is able to adopt his behaviors so that he can fit in with any group of people. B. terror management theory Your answer should have 2 parts. all of the cases in a group from which samples may be drawn for a study. These findings are consistent with a motivational interpretation that emphasizes the individual's need to justify or normalize stigmatized behavior and to bolster perceived self-competence. This is an example of: B. the duration B. collectivistic Infosys Interview Questions and Answers Infosys. The false uniqueness effect occurs when. B. possible selves C. the self-serving bias. D. social contrast, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. The next morning, however, his mood returned to normal. In part 1, be sure to name and define the effect you have chosen. D. 80%; 60%. Describe the major characteristics of the garage coverage form. In informal surveys, people always overestimate the number of lesbians who have AIDS. B. weak A. self-concept; self-schema D. pete's roommate, Self-monitoring is: D. learned helplessness, Which statement about predicting your own behaviors or relationships is TRUE? C. individualists make comparisons with others to boost their self-esteem What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? Fritz Heider analyzed what he called "common sense psychology"the ways in which people explain everyday events. Sociology is the study of groups of people. A. high; high D. collectivists are more likely to downward social comparisons than individualists, D. collectivists are more likely to downward social comparisons than individualists, Research has found that when prisoners are given some control over their environments, such as being able to move chairs and operate the lights, they tend to: C. large, selective university D. lower; increase, People with high self-esteem and narcissism are _____. One of his disciples makes an internal attribution for the fall. Given the research on cognitive errors and biases, it can be concluded that. Your general understanding of what a tropical island is all about is MOST clearly an example of, Harold Kelley's attribution theory is sometimes called, The state of having too much information to make a decision or remain informed about a topic is known as, According to the false consensus effect, most people. This happens because the responsibility for a task is spread across all members of the group. D. headlight effect, Greenberg (2008) argues that, to manage their fear of death and feel that their lives are not in vain, people seek to pursue self-esteem by meeting the standards of their society. C. we can overcome anything Which of the following would be the BEST example of counterregulation? B. conservative This student is the only Hispanic person she has ever known. -men and women seem to use different techniques to count sex partners, and seem to define "sex" slightly differently. C. self-worth C. progressives; traditionalists D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation. A gain-framed appeal focuses on framing something in terms. C. high self-efficacy The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. According to Myers, the best term for this symptom is: Lesbians actually have extremely low rates of AIDS, but people tend to associate lesbians with gay men (who have relatively high rates). A. they don't care Counterregulation occurs when people indulge in a behavior they are trying to regulate after an initial regulation failure. B. feared self The false uniqueness effect is: B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events b. B. the false consensus effect. Compared to their performance when alone, when in the presence of others, they tend to perform better on simple or well-rehearsed tasks and worse on complex or new ones.